Tuesday, 27 September 2016
Tuesday, 20 September 2016
Collective identity~ Islam
Would it be the same if it were someone else? of another religion
For example, Disney's Aladdin.
This news article shows point 4 in the slide above because it shows how the westernisation of countries is due to the exploitation- President Bush invaded Iraq purely for their oil.
"Hate against muslims is normal"
France- They banned the burkini for being "offensive" even though its very similar to a wet suit, as it is their religion why should it be banned?
Do 20% of British Muslims really sympathise
with jihadists?
As The Sun added the percentages together, this shows how they twisted the results- proving this to be a form of mediation as it is biased, with The Sun being a Right Wing influenced newspaper, it shows how their views of pro-exploitation would influence their final result- Thus picking the result which best fits their values on the subject. Additionally, the questions were worded very badly, they weren't actually about "the sympathy for Jihadis" but actually the "sympathy on the young Muslims who leave the UK", if the question was worded, "Do you feel sympathy for Jihadi" the results would be completely different. This links with the Cohen's theory because it shows the "folk devil" view of how "all Muslims" are violent and see to be uncivilised (also linking with orientalism). Furthermore, with the motive of the newspaper being Right wing, they would want the view of Muslims being a stereotype- therefore with a headline being "1 in 5 British Muslims sympathise with Jihadists", the audience would be shocked and want to read this, thus making it an unreliable source of information as they twisted the wording, it made to look much more extreme than it really was. Linking with the hypodermic needle theory because if someone was to just read newspapers and not go on the internet, they may not be able to look further into the statistics and may be led to believe this was really true and be horrified, but truth would be that The Sun worded it wrong and mislead the questionnaire in receiving these statistics.
This translates to "2 child menus for the price of one", with the "so close to their goal". As thousands of Muslims were immigrating into the west to escape, hundreds were dying, including hundreds of children- as like in the cartoon above (a dead child on the shore). An image was spread around the world of the child "Aylan" whom is an example of an infant who's body was found on the shores of Turkey, raising the awareness of the damaged which is happening due to the immigrants trying to escape from Syria. However, even though everyone was shocked by this event of a child dying and their body being found on the shore, Charlie Hebdo made this satire cartoon, displaying a western company (McDonalds) with a smiling clown- used to be a character of child interest, thus showing how even though everything is happening with all these children dying, the western companies would continue to produce their western ideology to continue to exploit the western and developing world.
Another example can include Lee Rigby
From Charlie Hedbo to Chapel hill
Paris attacks- police raiding 2000 muslims- it legitimises islamophobia
Verbal and physical attack
Keeping the fear of muslims alive
Reinforcing hegemony- making it appear that western values are "better" and the "right" way of living.
"The press don't present the facts the represent them " Buckingham- MEDIATION
Why is it happening to Islam?
(Its very similar to Christianity so why is there Islamophobia?)
Todorovs theory- The perception of Islam has changed- 9/11- when the 2nd plane came- the equilibrium is broken- it is clear the first one wasn't as accident- it was an act of terror
Gram-0- the memorial for the twin towers- showing anything they destroy they can rebuild- they come out stronger- the return of equilibrium
(these are the findings from DR Chris Allen's survey in 2012)
Tuesday, 13 September 2016
Collective identities~ Essay
These images are ones which show a youth collective identity because…
1. The stereotype of always being on their phones.
2. The stereotype of drinking in groups.
3. smoking
4. vandalising.
The reason I think these are a collective identity is because these groups are together in what they do
- Describing them as "Yobs" suggesting all teenagers are a stereotyped criminals
- The youth are the cause of the riots as they are careless and cause fires and vandalising things because they do not care.
- Being shown as troublemakers.
Right wing: Sun
Left wing: The Mirror
Homework:
Creating an essay!!!
Collective identity refers to a set of individuals sense of belong to a group/ collective, sharing the same values.A representation is the description or portrayal of someone or something in a particular way. Additionally, any consideration of a "collective identity" must take into account the role that representation plays within the construction of the mass media. At the top of this blog post are four images which I chose to portray what "collective identity" is. The images I have chosen are a stereotypical collective identity of how I believe youth to be portrayed as. In the cases of my images, it shows how teenagers share the same values of being careless and destructive, including, drinking and partying too much and spreading graffiti within public spaces. Another stereotype I chose to include as an example of the youth collective identity is the anti-social aspect of it, they may be all out together but at the same time they'll be on their phones not actually verbally saying anything to each other, being more likely to be texting the person standing next to them. Furthermore, a collective identity includes the group of people giving into peer pressure as a result of being too scared to be "outcasted" from their group of friends. This links with an example image which I chose above as I picked an image of a youngish-looking teen smoking. You can therefore see how my images for collective identity, also convey the definition of representation, because using the stereotype of how the mass media constructs the term "Youth", I was able to pick out images "representing" the "collective identity". Even though the terms interlink, there is a different between the two. Collective identity is the stereotype itself- the way youth have the same values that going out smoking and partying all the time is the right way to behave. Whereas, representation is the way a stereotype is shown to an audience.
Mediation is the process of selection and shaping, creating a new meaning from an original event. This can also be called forming a biased view on a topic. For example is someone gave a speech, an editor for a magazine company (for example), may pick and choose what to include in the article and this way not be showing the whole truth of the speech. The people who make the decisions in the mediation process may something be influenced by their own beliefs or values- the editor for the magazine article may believe badly about immigrants and then be led to pick and choose what the person giving the speech about, to fit their opinion. This is the process by which representations are created, this is because those who do have power over what is included in the media, can form and shape stereotypes of the representations which best suit their favor. Another example of mediation being important with regards to representation (linking back with the images above of the collective identity), the media may believe the stereotype of youth is correct and everyone who is a teenager act in this manor. They may do this by making an article on all the bad things teenagers have done in groups, yet because they believe this stereotype is correct, they are likely to leave out the good factors which some groups of teenagers do, for example charity work. Therefore this shows how the mediation of views show a clear and at most time bias representation of a given subject. Above are two images of newspaper front covers, one being of the "Daily Mirror" and one of "The Sun". These are examples of mediation because it shows the representation of teenagers causing chaos. The Daily Mirror's headline is "Yob Rule", with the subheading of "woman jumps for her life as the riots spread", joined by and image of the woman jumping out of what appears to be a burning building. This conveys mediation because it implies how it is all "Yobs" causing this chaos, but is leaving out the factors that part of the youth identity would have either been at home too scared to leave their home or helping those who need help. Thus suggesting how mediation forgets half the information. Furthermore, even though the riots started with teenagers, it wasn't just them who continued the riots, some of the older generation joined in too. Over 3000 people were arrested over the riots, not all of these would have been "yobs" as images have shown adults too, looting shops for their own selfish needs. This supports how mediation attempts to form a bias view in their readers/audience.
Hegemony is the leadership or dominance, especially by one state or social group over others. One social views being placed on the others, for example, age hegemony can be adults telling children what to do because they believe to have more power due to being older in age. Therefore, we can take this definition of hegemony to explain how this influences mediation because people may see themselves as "more dominate" and hold more right to create this biases of representations. For the instances of the newspapers above, The Sun holds a "right wing view" and therefore may see themselves as more dominant than the "lower class", of whom would have been in charge of creating the chaos which was the riots. Therefore, this hegemony The Sun believed they held, influenced the bias mediation representation of the lower class being the reason behind the riots- the reason I believe this is because the headline is "The 3rd day of mindless violence", "mindless" being the key word. This is because it implies a "looking down the nose" view at the class causing the "mindless" violence.
Collective identity refers to a set of individuals sense of belong to a group/ collective, sharing the same values.A representation is the description or portrayal of someone or something in a particular way. Additionally, any consideration of a "collective identity" must take into account the role that representation plays within the construction of the mass media. At the top of this blog post are four images which I chose to portray what "collective identity" is. The images I have chosen are a stereotypical collective identity of how I believe youth to be portrayed as. In the cases of my images, it shows how teenagers share the same values of being careless and destructive, including, drinking and partying too much and spreading graffiti within public spaces. Another stereotype I chose to include as an example of the youth collective identity is the anti-social aspect of it, they may be all out together but at the same time they'll be on their phones not actually verbally saying anything to each other, being more likely to be texting the person standing next to them. Furthermore, a collective identity includes the group of people giving into peer pressure as a result of being too scared to be "outcasted" from their group of friends. This links with an example image which I chose above as I picked an image of a youngish-looking teen smoking. You can therefore see how my images for collective identity, also convey the definition of representation, because using the stereotype of how the mass media constructs the term "Youth", I was able to pick out images "representing" the "collective identity". Even though the terms interlink, there is a different between the two. Collective identity is the stereotype itself- the way youth have the same values that going out smoking and partying all the time is the right way to behave. Whereas, representation is the way a stereotype is shown to an audience.
Mediation is the process of selection and shaping, creating a new meaning from an original event. This can also be called forming a biased view on a topic. For example is someone gave a speech, an editor for a magazine company (for example), may pick and choose what to include in the article and this way not be showing the whole truth of the speech. The people who make the decisions in the mediation process may something be influenced by their own beliefs or values- the editor for the magazine article may believe badly about immigrants and then be led to pick and choose what the person giving the speech about, to fit their opinion. This is the process by which representations are created, this is because those who do have power over what is included in the media, can form and shape stereotypes of the representations which best suit their favor. Another example of mediation being important with regards to representation (linking back with the images above of the collective identity), the media may believe the stereotype of youth is correct and everyone who is a teenager act in this manor. They may do this by making an article on all the bad things teenagers have done in groups, yet because they believe this stereotype is correct, they are likely to leave out the good factors which some groups of teenagers do, for example charity work. Therefore this shows how the mediation of views show a clear and at most time bias representation of a given subject. Above are two images of newspaper front covers, one being of the "Daily Mirror" and one of "The Sun". These are examples of mediation because it shows the representation of teenagers causing chaos. The Daily Mirror's headline is "Yob Rule", with the subheading of "woman jumps for her life as the riots spread", joined by and image of the woman jumping out of what appears to be a burning building. This conveys mediation because it implies how it is all "Yobs" causing this chaos, but is leaving out the factors that part of the youth identity would have either been at home too scared to leave their home or helping those who need help. Thus suggesting how mediation forgets half the information. Furthermore, even though the riots started with teenagers, it wasn't just them who continued the riots, some of the older generation joined in too. Over 3000 people were arrested over the riots, not all of these would have been "yobs" as images have shown adults too, looting shops for their own selfish needs. This supports how mediation attempts to form a bias view in their readers/audience.
Hegemony is the leadership or dominance, especially by one state or social group over others. One social views being placed on the others, for example, age hegemony can be adults telling children what to do because they believe to have more power due to being older in age. Therefore, we can take this definition of hegemony to explain how this influences mediation because people may see themselves as "more dominate" and hold more right to create this biases of representations. For the instances of the newspapers above, The Sun holds a "right wing view" and therefore may see themselves as more dominant than the "lower class", of whom would have been in charge of creating the chaos which was the riots. Therefore, this hegemony The Sun believed they held, influenced the bias mediation representation of the lower class being the reason behind the riots- the reason I believe this is because the headline is "The 3rd day of mindless violence", "mindless" being the key word. This is because it implies a "looking down the nose" view at the class causing the "mindless" violence.
Glossary
Hegemony: leadership or dominance, especially by one state or social group over others. One social views being placed on others, for example with age, adults telling children what to do because they are older.
Collective Identity: A set of individuals sense of belonging to the group or collective. The individuals sense of belonging to a group who share a set of traditions and values
Mediation: A process of selection and shaping, creating meaning from an original event. If someone gave a speech, when editing you would edit it the way you want it to appear- not showing the whole truth. The people who make the decisions in the mediation process may sometimes be influenced by their own beliefs or values, to they also may be influenced by an organisation they work for, or the government of their country. The process through which representations are created.
Hypodermic needle theory- model of communications suggesting that an intended message is directly received and wholly accepted by the receiver. Passive audiences injected with media, directly influencing their norms and values.
Representation: the description or portrayal of someone or something in a particular way. The way ideas, objects, people, groups and life forms are depicted by the mass media. Any consideration of a "collective identity" must take into account the role that representation plays within the construction of a media text.
Moral panic: a moral panic occurs when "...[a] condition, episode, person or group of persons emerges to become defined as a threat to societal values and interests".COHEN: Moral panic code, Scape goat, folk devil, stereotypes.
Encoding:
Decoding: Translating from the audience/ reader
Orientalism:
Collective Identity: A set of individuals sense of belonging to the group or collective. The individuals sense of belonging to a group who share a set of traditions and values
Mediation: A process of selection and shaping, creating meaning from an original event. If someone gave a speech, when editing you would edit it the way you want it to appear- not showing the whole truth. The people who make the decisions in the mediation process may sometimes be influenced by their own beliefs or values, to they also may be influenced by an organisation they work for, or the government of their country. The process through which representations are created.
Hypodermic needle theory- model of communications suggesting that an intended message is directly received and wholly accepted by the receiver. Passive audiences injected with media, directly influencing their norms and values.
Representation: the description or portrayal of someone or something in a particular way. The way ideas, objects, people, groups and life forms are depicted by the mass media. Any consideration of a "collective identity" must take into account the role that representation plays within the construction of a media text.
Moral panic: a moral panic occurs when "...[a] condition, episode, person or group of persons emerges to become defined as a threat to societal values and interests".COHEN: Moral panic code, Scape goat, folk devil, stereotypes.
Encoding:
Decoding: Translating from the audience/ reader
Orientalism:
- the representation of Asia in a stereotyped way that is regarded as embodying a colonialist attitude.
Subscribe to:
Comments (Atom)